Solar energy can actually be easy. Ask BoxPower

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When the world’s environment ministers waltzed into Nairobi this March to talk about climate change and sustainable development goals,  innovative green businesses came to the fore, showing how we can live, produce and profit, while caring for the planet.

Step forward BoxPower. The Grass, Valley, CA company was one of three finalists at the Science Policy and Business Forum at the Fourth United Nations Environmental Assembly. So what do they do? Scalable solar energy solutions, that’s what.

Their solution is based on the microgrid, which essentially is a small system with a source of power, users, connections and a control system. In Africa, where large populations have no power and live unconnected to the grid, its utility is obvious.

Solar energy is clean, as we all know, but installing it tends to be more cumbersome than polluting diesel generators, BoxPower CEO, Angelo Campus, noted. BoxPower products can also connect to the power grid and interface with diesel generators if need be, and can be assembled in a day or less.

See his presentation at the Green Startup Technology Hub where he emerged as one of the three finalists, in the slideshow below.

 

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Mr. Campus told me that he is initially targeting Kenya and Nigeria. The drone of diesel generators is one of Lagos’s common sounds, and power rationing is a reality in Kenya so he’ll have his work cut out. Welcome to Kenya, BoxPower!

On hand to take a sad photo

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I attended the United Nations Science Policy Business Forum this March, which happened just before the United Nations Environmental Assembly kicked off. The sad announcement that an Ethiopian Airlines plane, flight ET302 that was carrying delegates had crashed with no survivors was made at the final plenary.

I took this sad photograph when delegates observed a moment of silence in honour of those who died. May they rest in peace.

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Making inspection data public could have prevented Fort Ternan crash deaths

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Eight days ago, more than 50 people died in a grisly accident at Fort Ternan, Kericho County, at a place called Tunnel.

The driver, it is said, was a staunch dry; he hadn’t touched a drop of booze. According to media reports, he had clearly lived his threescore and ten and continued working, well past the retirement age of 55.

Did he have a pension, and would he have survived on the government’s old age transfers of Sh2,000 a month ? Was he in need of cataract surgery, given that for a driver, good eyesight is kinda important ? I’m clearly speculating now.

The government, in this case the NTSA, has announced to a mournful country that the bus was not roadworthy, having failed an inspection. The Speed Governors and Road Safety Association noted with concern that this bus had no speed governor. But they are saying this now, after 55 deaths.

This deadly crash should force us to confront unwarranted secrecy around data that the Government of Kenya should reveal routinely to its owners, the taxpayers.

Kenyans are dying in unsafe buildings and vehicles and being exposed to toxic food, things that government has inspected and found wanting. Tragically, this information never reaches the public in time for us to use it to protect ourselves.

It’s all very well to blame the police who should have been at the checkpoints, but we citizens can’t place much faith in that line of inquiry, because (i) we are not policemen and (ii) we don’t have a great track record of making the police tell us anything they don’t want to.

Since the days of Al Capone and his partners in crime Johnny Torrio and Frankie Yale, we’ve known that organised criminals love poorly paid policemen. They gleefully pay up, on condition that cops turn a blind eye and tip them off early about planned raids. To smart crooks, bribes are just a line item in the budget.

Keep in mind that telling the police to do their job or urging passengers to zusha as Safaricom and Co. do here, or forbidding saccos from using defective vehicles does not mean they will.

Asking bus passengers to speak out imposes a heavy cost on poor people who can’t afford not to make it to where they are going for the money they’ve already paid. Women are unlikely to challenge a male, potentially violent, bus crew.

Asking passengers to check vehicles for roadworthiness is also unfair because not every passenger is a trained mechanic.

The government needs to empower passengers to make decisions about public service vehicles at the lowest possible cost to them. One way of doing this is to create an NTSA inspection website and upload the inspection data for all currently registered public service vehicles, including their photographs at last inspection.

Visitors to the page would be able to search for vehicles by Sacco, registration number, routes licensed, county registered, night driving approval, date of last inspection and whether it failed or passed, and whether it is cleared to be on the road or not. People using simpler phones, such as feature phones would obtain this information by texting NTSA with a short code.

A passenger would be able to simply text the number plate of a vehicle to the short code and receive a reply about the inspection status of that vehicle. If the information was unfavorable, they would refuse to board. Lives would be saved.

This solution is already in use. You can check if a journalist is accredited by using a short code on the Media Council of Kenya’s web site, for example. There is a section on NTSAs mobile services that allows you to check inspection status, but does it work ? And do enough people know about it ?

Even if we hold the police accountable for the failures at Fort Ternan, it’s still too late; 55 people are dead. The least we can do is stop blaming people who have limited options, and make it easier for them to travel safely by exposing unsafe vehicles.

With waste disposal, counties that lead could suffer

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October 1 2018 was #WorldHabitatDay, and this year’s theme was solid waste management. Trash is a huge problem in Kenya, and a recent report by NTV on the dumpsite in Mombasa’s Kibarani made this all too clear.

What that report might have said and did not, was that this is the case across the entire country. This news report suggests that Kenya has no sanitary landfills. However, we know that Kiambu County was building a semi-aerobic landfill in Thika using the Fukuoka Method, with assistance from Japan and UN-Habitat. How’s that going?

The Japanese know a thing or two about waste disposal, not just because theirs is a highly innovative society but also because Nihon (日本), to call Japan by its Japanese name, went through a torrid time in the sixties and seventies, when the country simply stank too much. So their leadership in solid waste management is hard-earned.

In Kenya, we get by with dumps of various sizes. Nairobi’s infamous Dandora dumpsite is once again in use years after being decommissioned, because an alternative could not be found, with Ruai being ruled out due to, among other things, the risk of bird 🐦 strikes at the Jomo Kenyatta International Airport.

Living in Kenya today means being surrounded by small mounds of trash wherever we look. Prime dumping spots include roadsides, hillsides, river banks, alleys, and in one jarring news report, farmland (I’ll put the link here when I find it).

It’s all very well to consider recycling, waste-to-energy, and all those solutions, but given our current culture around waste, a significant amount of trash will still have to be landfilled. Does each county have an engineered solid waste disposal site? Obviously, no.

Another thing. Were you to map the flows of trash to major dumping sites in Kenya, you would likely find at least one instance of trash generated in one county being dumped in another. So, those flows need to be mapped. Then we actually need to solve the problem, which is not as easy as letting the best counties lead and letting the rest follow.

At the core of the problem is what economists call the free-rider problem. In other words, the well-worn tendency by people – and counties in this case – to make our responsibilities someone else’s problem.

Let’s say Makueni County, prefect among the counties, decides to build an ultra-modern sanitary landfill. Who’s to stop people from the surrounding counties, which have no landfills of their own, from dumping their trash there? How do you police those vehicles carrying garbage which would likely be a prime conduit for bribes? How about individual residents bringing their own trash? It’s not easy.

Makueni’s landfill, having been mooched on, will fill up faster and sooner than it would have if only trash generated in Makueni had been dumped there. Once that happens, Makueni won’t want to build another landfill. “We’re not your rubbish dump”, they’ll tell us. Thus we will have punished success and disincentivized innovation.

The obvious solution is that enough counties must build a landfill within the same time horizon, which means Parliament must pass time-bound legislation requiring counties to build landfills to certain minimum standards. Then through the budget and the Division of Revenue Bills, conditional grants must be provided to fund at least some of the costs. Maintenance of these landfills and construction of replacements once they fill up would be the sole responsibility of the counties.

Of course, environmental laws (EMCA) would need to be updated to require monitoring and replacement of these landfills. Without proper waste disposal, we’ll have nothing to show for all the building going on. We’ll be too busy fighting crows and gagging indoors.

Deadly Khoja roundabout needs traffic lights

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When a Latema Sacco matatu ploughed into six pedestrians at the Khoja Mosque terminus near the Tom Mboya Street fire station in July this year and killed four of them, one of my worst fears came to pass.

I have used matatus for years, alighting at Khoja every morning and getting on at Odeon in the evening. In the pit of my stomach, I knew someone was going to be killed there one day.

The Khoja roundabout is one of the largest passenger nodes in the city. Countless matatu journeys terminate here,  disgorging each ‘squad’, as matatu crews like to call each minibus-load of passengers, into Nairobi’s urban maw.

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The Khoja Mosque bus terminus. Source: Google Maps

To get to their hustle, be it a desk job, retail shop, M-Pesa kiosk, restaurant or clothing stall, Nairobi’s commuting masses must successfully cross Tom Mboya Street or River Road if heading to the centre of town from Khoja.  Much like the gnu who must ford the crocodile-infested Mara River, there is no room for failure.

There is no provision for pedestrians to leave the Khoja roundabout safely, and vehicles never have to slow down. In fact, they accelerate as they approach that roundabout. In Nairobi, the idea that motor vehicles and pedestrians can share the road is alien. If you stop at a zebra crossing, you’re obviously incompetent by Nairobi standards.

So what is to be done?

It’s now clear that we can’t rely on motorists to protect pedestrians at Khoja. More people will die unless traffic lights are introduced on Tom Mboya Street and River Road. The priority here should be to stop vehicles on both River Road and Tom Mboya Street simultaneously so that the commuters dropped off at Khoja can leave that dangerous roundabout and walk safely into the city.

Of course, this means cars will spend more time in traffic but that’s perfectly alright if pedestrians are kept safe. Nairobi’s traffic jams are already bad so waiting a bit more won’t hurt. Let motorists and pedestrians learn to share the road.

Will Two Rivers Survive?

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Well, of course it will. What we don’t know yet is whether it will thrive.

More than four months after its Valentine’s Day opening,  I finally deigned to venture down the first time. A friend and I went on a Sunday night.

There was not too much business, but I do remember Nove Coffee was packed. There was a decent crowd  around CK Square (haha!), but they were attracted by the football on the large screen, and below, the fountain lights.

I decided to hold off on an opinion and returned later, this time alone.

It happened to be Idd that night.  You knew right from the main entrance, with the surging throng of excitable Somali boys. For Idd, Two Rivers was the destination,  and the place was heaving.

At the entrance were these two Nissan matatus these young men had rented which couldn’t get any further, because security. Inside was a total bedlam, with one halal restaurant doing a roaring trade by the water. The escalators also got a thorough structural test, with all the children climbing, stamping, hiking up and down.

But what about business on a typical, non-Idd day?  What will happen when the new sheen wears off ? A couple of things.

Right off the bat, a couple of stores showed promise, including LC Waikiki, the Turkish clothing company, Carrefour and Nove Coffee. They did a brisk trade, and I particularly loved Carrefour’s fish selection, including octopus, squid and salmon from Norway. Great stuff.

Anyone who manages to sell both halal meat and pork in the same shop understands what business is about; catering to your customers and giving them choices, not forcing them to live the way you want.

Supermarkets have caught on to this, but restaurants are failing. Going sneaky halal behind your customers’ backs is not giving choice, but dictating. If halal customers are that many, then it’s totally worth your while to set up a separate halal kitchen.  Pizza Inn and Debonairs, I’m looking at you. But I digress.

Some stores weren’t doing too well. Chandarana Food Plus, which can also be found at Rosslyn, was a bit emptier than Carrefour,with some empty shelves and it’s difficult to see how they won’t struggle. They have a good booze section, but they have to compete with Liquor Barrels.

So there are these big name stores that will attract traffic from elsewhere, but then also smaller retailers, who will struggle. I spoke to a retailer with a stall who told me businesses was “alright”, but that their other locations, such Westlands, were more profitable.

The problem at the moment is that Two Rivers has no fixed urban population that depends on it. Before you get there, you must have passed, and passed up, both Village Market and Rosslyn Riviera, which are more immediately accessible to Rosslyn, Runda and Gigiri. Bars, like the Btzek Lounge, which was practically empty when I went will struggle without those resident customers. Banks will survive, since they have customers already.

Then there are threats from neighbours.  Rosslyn Riviera has a screaming Java sign, and will be particularly difficult to ignore. But we know an Artcaffe is coming to Two Rivers so we will watch and wait. Also, with the exception of Carrefour, there is very little signage visible from the road that screams brands people know. The dark cladding  on the outside is boring to look at.

Another reason to worry is that Two Rivers is unfriendly to foot traffic in the extreme, unlike other malls.  There is no proper footpath that acknowledges the pedestrian as a customer, more like “We know you want to come, but we’re cool if you don’t”.  Javs disgorge customers at Village Market and it’s a shorter walk to the shops.

There is just something awkward about a person who arrived on foot entering through an underground parking lot, though that won’t bug most people.

Quite a few stores that remain unopened (with the larger-than-life CK smiling at you), and time will tell with these. The launch of BlackUp is a good sign.

Ultimately, the place needs a captive market, some residents. So we’ll have to wait for Two Rivers Apartments to really see.

Ukambani

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The Treasure

Follow  the ‘Countdown to 50’ Campaign!

Get to KNOW, EXPLORE, PROTECT and CELEBRATE Kenya

Every single week of the 50 weeks between January 2013 and the 50th Anniversary of Kenya’s Independence on the 12th of December 2013 we are going to highlight one of the 50 Treasures of Kenya with stunning pictures, practical travel information and personal impressions.

This week we visit  Ukambani: The Mysterious Marvel

Kamba Land or Ukambani is divided in to three administrative county regions namely, Machakos, Makueni and Kitui counties, stretching east of Nairobi along the Mombasa-Nairobi highway towards Tsavo National park and North East to Embu.  It is widely perceived as a region regularly haunted by long drought seasons. Far from this notion, there are green and fertile stretches which make up for a wonderful destination outside Nairobi. Machakos for example, which was actually Kenya’s first inland capital, is surrounded by green hills. The Makongo Valley…

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Nairobi Westgate Mall Terror Attack, And The Folly Of ‘Otherness’ – What Al-Shabaab Revealed About Us

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NAKED CHIEFS

USE -westgate-shopping-mall_kenya2_mainAROUND noon on Saturday September 21, a group of terrorists believed to number 10 to 18 stormed the Westgate Mall in western Nairobi.

By the third day, 69 had been killed during the attack, or died later in hospital. Another 175 had been injured. Today the crisis entered its fourth day. In the evening a downcast President Uhuru Kenyatta, came on TV to give heartbreaking news. The crisis had come to an end, but the three floors of the mall had collapsed from explosions, and the terrorists and an unknown number of people were trapped in the rubble.

Amidst the tragedy, we are about to forget that the first day of the crisis offered quite troubling insights about how we the media view the world.

Some Kenyan journalists, especially TV presenters, inundated their audiences with references to Westgate mall being popular with “wealthy Kenyans, expatriates and diplomats”. It was also…

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